The Basic Principles Of 癌症

Laser therapy uses substantial-depth gentle to treat most cancers by shrinking or destroying tumors or precancerous growths. Lasers are most often utilised to deal with superficial cancers that are over the floor of your body or perhaps the lining of inside organs. It is actually utilised to deal with basal mobile skin cancer as well as the quite early phases of Some others like cervical, penile, vaginal, vulvar, and non-smaller mobile lung most cancers. It is frequently combined with other treatment plans, for instance surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.

而根據癌症發展的程度,又可分為零、一、二、三、四期等,及早期與晚期,通常零到一期算是早期,但在不同癌症中每期的定義和治療方法都有所不同,確實的分期仍應參考美國癌症聯合委員會的定義。

保持健康体重。超重或肥胖可能增加您患癌症的风险。通过健康饮食和定期运动相结合,努力达到并保持健康体重。

主要原理是使用高專一性的單株抗體直接結合到腫瘤細胞特有的蛋白質或是細胞激素,影響腫瘤細胞的生長、引起免疫系統反應或是其他功能。已經發展的藥物有針對乳癌的曲妥珠单抗和針對白血病的吉妥单抗在臨床使用。

Cancer prognosis can cause psychological distress and psychosocial interventions, including chatting therapy, may perhaps aid individuals with this.

疲劳。癌症患者的疲劳有很多原因,但通常可以控制。与化疗或放疗相关的疲劳很常见,但通常是暂时的。

癌症患者治療和研究的進展限於醫師間各自的研究與測試,直到第二次世界大戰時期,許多醫學研究中心發現同一種疾病在不同國家間的發生率差別相當大,也促使各國的公共衛生組織互相通報疾病及流通醫院治療的資料,直到今日仍然是廣為各國採用。日本醫學界觀察到廣島和長崎原子彈受害者的骨髓完全被毀壞。他們認為放射線可能也可用來治療有問題的骨髓,這項發現開啟了使用骨髓移植治療白血病的想法。

Engraving with two sights of a Dutch girl who had a tumor removed from her neck in 1689 Cancer has existed for all of human heritage.[226] The earliest written report concerning cancer is from c. 1600 BC inside the Egyptian Edwin Smith Papyrus and describes breast most cancers.[226] Hippocrates (c. 460 BC – c. 370 BC) explained several kinds of cancer, referring to them with the Greek phrase καρκίνος karkinos (crab or crayfish).[226] This name originates from the looks in the Slash area of a good malignant tumor, with "the veins stretched on all sides because the animal the crab has its toes, whence it derives its title".

无法停止不受控制的细胞增长。正常细胞知道何时停止增长,因此每种类型的细胞都有合适的数量。癌细胞失去命令其何时停止增长的控制(肿瘤抑制基因)。肿瘤抑制基因的突变使癌细胞继续增长和积累。

The incidence of lung cancer is extremely correlated with smoking cigarettes. Publicity to specific substances are associated with particular 癌症 different types of cancer. These substances are named carcinogens.

免疫細胞療法是最近這幾年開發的最新技術,原理是直接將大量未分化的樹狀細胞投入腫瘤中或腫瘤周邊的血管中,能迅速且大量的強化樹狀細胞辨識特定癌細胞的能力,使樹狀細胞可在短時間內幫助輔助型T細胞(helper T cell)快速誘導出大量細胞毒殺性T淋巴球(CTL),以攻擊特定癌細胞。目前此項研究已在日本進入臨床試驗階段。

筛查规划根据年龄和风险因素来选择患者,以避免进行过多假阳性研究。筛查方法的例子包括:

戒烟。如果您抽烟,请戒烟。如果您不吸烟,请勿开始抽烟。抽烟与多种癌症有关,而不仅仅是肺癌。立即停止吸烟会降低您将来患癌症的风险。

烟草使用、酒精消费、不健康饮食、缺乏身体活动和空气污染是癌症(以及其他非传染性疾病)的危险因素。

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